California Security Guard Practice Exam

Under what circumstances can a security guard perform an arrest?

1. For minor misdemeanors

2. Only if they witness a felony being committed

3. At their discretion

4. If requested by the property owner

The correct answer is: Only if they witness a felony being committed

A security guard is authorized to perform an arrest primarily when they witness a felony being committed. This falls under the concept of a "citizen's arrest," which allows individuals, including private security personnel, to detain someone for a serious crime that they have directly observed. The rationale behind this regulation is rooted in the need for immediate action in situations where a crime is occurring, as it serves to protect life, property, and maintain order. While the other options suggest various scenarios under which an arrest might seem plausible, they do not align with the legal framework governing the authority of security guards. For instance, performing an arrest for minor misdemeanors is generally outside the typical authority of security personnel, as this could lead to unnecessary escalations and a misuse of power. The notion of discretion is also problematic, as it might lead to arbitrary actions that could infringe on individuals' rights. Lastly, while a property owner might request assistance, this request does not grant a security guard the legal authority to carry out an arrest unless a felony is being actively witnessed. Hence, the correct and legally supported context for an arrest by a security guard remains strictly when they observe a felony in progress.